{"id":1528,"date":"2020-05-28T23:09:10","date_gmt":"2020-05-28T15:09:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/?p=1528"},"modified":"2020-06-03T17:58:15","modified_gmt":"2020-06-03T09:58:15","slug":"linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/2020\/05\/28\/linux\/","title":{"rendered":"linux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u6d41\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5bf9 Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u6d41\u7a0b\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u80fd\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u540e\u671f\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e2d\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7ef4\u62a4 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u80fd\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7cfb\u7edf\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3002Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"882\" height=\"380\" src=\"http:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/10-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1529\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/10-3.png 882w, https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/10-3-300x129.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/10-3-768x331.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/10-3-600x259.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 882px) 100vw, 882px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1\u3001 <strong>\u52a0\u8f7d BIOS<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7535\u6e90\u52a0\u7535\u8d28\u68c0\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u52a0\u8f7d\u57fa\u672c\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08Basic Input Output System\uff0c BIOS\uff09\uff0cBIOS \u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u786c\u4ef6 CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u786c\u76d8\u7b49\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u8bbe\u5907\u542f\u52a8\u987a\u5e8f\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u786c \u76d8\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u65f6\u949f\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u5373\u63d2\u5373\u7528\uff08Plug-and-Play\uff0cPNP\uff09\u7279\u6027\u7b49\u3002\u52a0\u8f7d\u5b8c BIOS \u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5c06\u6839\u636e\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u542f\u52a8\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2\u3001<strong> \u8bfb\u53d6 MBR<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bfb\u53d6\u5b8c BIOS \u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5c06\u4f1a\u67e5\u627e BIOS \u6240\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u786c\u76d8 MBR \u5f15\u5bfc\u6247\u533a\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u5185\u5bb9 \u590d\u5236\u5230 0x7c00 \u5730\u5740\u6240\u5728\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u3002\u88ab\u590d\u5236\u5230\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f Boot Loader\uff0c\u7136 \u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u5f15\u5bfc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3\u3001<strong> GRUB \u5f15\u5bfc <\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">GRUB \u542f\u52a8\u5f15\u5bfc\u5668\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5f53\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8bfb\u53d6\u5185\u5b58 \u4e2d\u7684 GRUB \u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u5176\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u542f\u52a8\u786c\u76d8\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4\u3001 <strong>\u52a0\u8f7d Kernel  <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8bfb\u53d6\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u50cf\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e00\u822c\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u201cUncompressing Linux\u201d \u7684\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u5f53\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u5185\u6838\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u5c4f\u5e55\u8f93\u51fa\u201cOK, booting the kernel\u201d\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u89e3\u538b\u540e \u7684\u5185\u6838\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u8c03\u7528 start_kernel()\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u51fd\u6570\u5e76\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5404\u79cd\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210 Linux \u6838\u5fc3\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">5\u3001<strong> \u8bbe\u5b9a Inittab \u8fd0\u884c\u7b49\u7ea7 <\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5185\u6838\u52a0\u8f7d\u5b8c\u6bd5\uff0c\u4f1a\u542f\u52a8 Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b init\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bfb\u53d6 \/etc\/inittab \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\/etc\/inittab \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u8bbe\u5b9a Linux \u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u7b49\u7ea7\uff0cLinux \u5e38\u89c1\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li> 0\uff1a\u5173\u673a\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1b <\/li><li> 1\uff1a\u5355\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1b <\/li><li> 2\uff1a\u65e0\u7f51\u7edc\u652f\u6301\u7684\u591a\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1b <\/li><li> 3\uff1a\u5b57\u7b26\u754c\u9762\u591a\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1b <\/li><li> 4\uff1a\u4fdd\u7559\uff0c\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1b <\/li><li> 5\uff1a\u56fe\u50cf\u754c\u9762\u591a\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1b <\/li><li> 6\uff1a\u91cd\u65b0\u5f15\u5bfc\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u91cd\u542f\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002 <\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">6\u3001 <strong>\u52a0\u8f7d rc.sysinit <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bfb\u53d6\u5b8c\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\uff0cLinux \u7cfb\u7edf\u6267\u884c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u5c42\u6587\u4ef6\/etc\/rc.d\/rc.sysinit\uff0c\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u529f\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u8bbe\u5b9a PATH \u8fd0\u884c\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u542f\u52a8 swap \u5206\u533a\u3001\u8bbe\u5b9a\/proc\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u914d\u7f6e Selinux \u7b49\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">7\u3001 <strong>\u52a0\u8f7d\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757 <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bfb\u53d6\/etc\/modules.conf \u6587\u4ef6\u53ca\/etc\/modules.d \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u52a0\u8f7d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u6a21 \u5757\u3002\u8be5\u6a21\u5757\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u540e\u671f\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u8005\u4fee\u6539\u53ca\u5220\u9664\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">8\u3001 <strong>\u542f\u52a8\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u7a0b\u5e8f <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6839\u636e\u4e4b\u524d\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c rc0.d \u5230 rc6.d \u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u811a\u672c\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6765 \u5b8c\u6210\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u542f\u52a8\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4ee5 S \u5f00\u5934\u8868\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5373\u5c06\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5982 \u679c\u4ee5 K \u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u5219\u4ee3\u8868\u505c\u6b62\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u3002S \u548c K \u540e\u7d27\u8ddf\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u4e3a\u542f\u52a8\u987a\u5e8f\u7f16\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"667\" height=\"352\" src=\"http:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/11-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1530\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/11-2.png 667w, https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/11-2-300x158.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/11-2-600x317.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 667px) 100vw, 667px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">9\u3001 <strong>\u8bfb\u53d6 rc.local \u6587\u4ef6 <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u5b8c\u76f8\u5e94\u670d\u52a1\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u6267\u884c\/etc\/rc.d\/rc.local \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u9700\u8981\u5f00 \u673a\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u9010\u884c\u53bb\u6267\u884c\u5e76\u542f\u52a8\u76f8\u5e94\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"644\" height=\"330\" src=\"http:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/12-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1531\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/12-2.png 644w, https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/12-2-300x154.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/12-2-600x307.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 644px) 100vw, 644px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">10\u3001 <strong>\u6267\u884c\/bin\/login \u7a0b\u5e8f <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6267\u884c\/bin\/login \u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u542f\u52a8\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u767b\u5f55\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b49\u5f85\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c \u5373\u53ef\u767b\u5f55\u5230 Shell \u7ec8\u7aef \uff0c\u5982\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"275\" src=\"http:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/13-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1532\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/13-2.png 640w, https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/13-2-300x129.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/13-2-600x258.png 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u81f3\u6b64\uff0cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u5b8c\u6bd5\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5bf9 Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u6d41\u7a0b\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u80fd\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u540e\u671f\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e2d\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7ef4\u62a4 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u80fd\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7cfb\u7edf\u95ee\u9898 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1533,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[34,22],"tags":[48],"class_list":["post-1528","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-linux","category-server","tag-linux"],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":8}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1528","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1528"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1528\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1535,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1528\/revisions\/1535"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1533"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1528"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1528"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1528"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}