{"id":2301,"date":"2020-09-22T20:47:36","date_gmt":"2020-09-22T12:47:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/?p=2301"},"modified":"2023-10-23T11:55:14","modified_gmt":"2023-10-23T03:55:14","slug":"python-8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/2020\/09\/22\/python-8\/","title":{"rendered":"python\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u5e93"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u901a\u8fc7pymysql\u6a21\u5757\u8fde\u63a5<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e00\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1\u3001\u83b7\u53d6\u8fde\u63a5\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u83b7\u53d6\u8fde\u63a5\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7connect()\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6b64\u51fd\u6570\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c \u8981\u770b\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7c7b\u578b\u3002connect()\u51fd\u6570\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u8bf4\u660e\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c2\u6570<\/td>\u8bf4\u660e<\/td><\/tr>
dsn<\/td>\u8868\u793a\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u540d\u79f0<\/td><\/tr>
user<\/td>\u7528\u6237\u540d<\/td><\/tr>
password<\/td>\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801<\/td><\/tr>
host<\/td>\u4e3b\u673a\u540d<\/td><\/tr>
database<\/td>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540d\u79f0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

conn = pymysql.connect(host=\"localhost\",user=\"user\",password=\"passwd\",db=\"database\",charset=\"utf-8\")<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
connect()\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u8fde\u63a5\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u8868\u793a\u76ee\u524d\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u5bf9\u8c61\u652f\u6301\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u65b9\u6cd5<\/td>\u8bf4\u660e<\/td><\/tr>
close()<\/td>\u5173\u95ed\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5<\/td><\/tr>
commit()<\/td>\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e8b\u52a1<\/td><\/tr>
rollback()<\/td>\u56de\u6eda\u4e8b\u52a1<\/td><\/tr>
cursor()<\/td>\u83b7\u53d6\u6e38\u6807\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\u4ee3\u8868\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u6e38\u6807\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u793a\u6293\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u6267\u884cSQL\u8bed\u53e5\u3001\u8c03\u7528\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684cursor()\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. description\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5217\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u503c\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. rowcount\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u884c\u6570\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982select\u3001update\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
    \u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u65b9\u6cd5<\/td>\u8bf4\u660e<\/td><\/tr>
    callproc(procname,parameter)<\/td>\u8c03\u7528\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u652f\u6301<\/td><\/tr>
    close()<\/td>\u5173\u95ed\u5f53\u524d\u6e38\u6807<\/td><\/tr>
    execute(operation,parameter)<\/td>\u6267\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0csql\u8bed\u53e5\u6216\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u547d\u4ee4<\/td><\/tr>
    fetchone()<\/td>\u83b7\u53d6\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55<\/td><\/tr>
    fetchmany(size)<\/td>\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55<\/td><\/tr>
    fetchall()<\/td>\u83b7\u53d6\u7ed3\u679c\u96c6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55<\/td><\/tr>
    nextset()<\/td>\u8df3\u81f3\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u96c6<\/td><\/tr>
    arraysize<\/td>\u6307\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528fetchmany()\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u884c\u6570\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a1<\/td><\/tr>
    setinputsizes(sizes)<\/td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5728\u8c03\u7528execute()\u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f<\/td><\/tr>
    setoutputisizes(sizes)<\/td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5bf9\u5927\u6570\u636e\u5217(LONGS)\u6709\u7528<\/td><\/tr>
    executemany()<\/td>\u7528\u4e8e\u6279\u91cf\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u6279\u91cf\u66f4\u65b0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \u4e09\u3001\u8fde\u63a5mysql\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1a<\/strong>(mysql\u5b89\u88c5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7701\u7565)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u8fde\u63a5MySQL\u9700\u8981\u652f\u6301Python\u7684mysql\u9a71\u52a8\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u9009\u7528PyMysql\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u8fde\u63a5MySQL\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5PyMySQL\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528pip\u5b89\u88c5\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    pip3 install PyMySQL<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    1\u3001\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7pymysql\u6a21\u5757\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91mysql.py\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    2\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u8868\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u4fee\u6539\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684mysql.py\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u9884\u5904\u7406\u8bed\u53e5\u521b\u5efa\u8868\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    3\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u8868\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5411\u8868\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u5355\u6761\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5148\u5c06\u8868\u4e2d\u5185\u5bb9\u6e05\u7a7a\uff0c\u518d\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7try\u6765\u6355\u83b7\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \u63d2\u5165\u591a\u6761\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528executemany()\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \u901a\u8fc7MySQL\u5b98\u65b9\u9a71\u52a8\u8fde\u63a5<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    mysql-connector\u662fMySQL\u5b98\u65b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u5668\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528pip\u5b89\u88c5\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \u5b89\u88c5\u540e\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u754c\u9762\u5bfc\u5165\u4e0d\u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \u8fde\u63a5mysql\u4e3b\u8981\u9700\u8981\u56db\u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • \u8fd0\u884cMySQL\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4fe1\u606f<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u8fde\u63a5MySQL\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u8fde\u63a5MySQL\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u9700\u8981\u8fde\u63a5\u7684MySQL\u7684\u5e93\u540d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      1\u3001\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fde\u63a5\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • host\uff1aMySQL\u670d\u52a1\u6240\u5728\u7684\u4e3b\u673a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • user\uff1a\u8fde\u63a5MySQL\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • password\uff1a\u8fde\u63a5MySQL\u7684\u5bc6\u7801<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • database\uff1a\u8981\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5e93<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        2\u3001\u5bfc\u5165MySQL\u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
        3\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        conn = mysql.connector.connect(**db_config)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u6ce8\u610f\uff1adb_config\u524d\u9762\u6709\u4e2a**\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u6307\u9488\uff0cPython\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u9488\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c**\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5b57\u5178\uff0cconnect\u4f1a\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5b57\u5178\u5c55\u5f00\u4e3a4\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u8fde\u63a5MySQL<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        4\u3001\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e38\u6807\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        cursor = conn.cursor()\r<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u8981\u60f3\u5411\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53d1\u9001\u547d\u4ee4\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u63a5\u6536\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e38\u6807\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u6e38\u6807\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u7528cursor()\u65b9\u6cd5\u5373\u53ef<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        5\u3001\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
        \u4e00\u822c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u4e09\u5f15\u53f7\u6765\u5305\u542b\u8981\u53d1\u7ed9MySQL\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e09\u5f15\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u6362\u884c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bed\u53e5\u8fc7\u957f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6362\u884c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf_sql(\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u975e\u8981\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u8bae\u8fd9\u4e48\u5199)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u6267\u884ccursor.execute(_sql)\u5c06\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9MySQL<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e0b\u4e09\u4e2a\u6e38\u6807\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u8bf7\u6c42\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • cursor.fetchone\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • cursor.fetchmancy\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u884c\u7ed3\u679c<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • cursor.fetchall\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u5168\u90e8\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4e3a\u5143\u7ec4\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528for\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          6\u3001\u63d0\u4ea4\u7f13\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u53ca\u5173\u95ed\u6e38\u6807\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          conn.commit()\ncursoe.close()\nconn.close()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u4e0d\u5728\u9700\u8981\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5173\u95ed\u6e38\u6807\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u8fc7\u5ea6\u6d88\u8017\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d44\u6e90\uff0cconn.commit()\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u5199\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5411\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u7f13\u5b58\u91cc\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6b64\u65f6\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u67e5\u8be2\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u60f3\u63d2\u5165\u540e\u7acb\u5373\u5c31\u80fd\u67e5\u8be2\u5230\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ea\u80fd\u5f3a\u5236\u5c06\u7f13\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u7528conn.commit()\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u7a0d\u5fae\u8017\u8d39\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u592a\u5728\u4e4e\u6027\u80fd\u5e76\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u5373\u53ef\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5c31\u7528\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u5373\u53ef<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \u4e0b\u9762\u4f8b\u5b50\u8868\u793a\u5411MySQL\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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