{"id":4223,"date":"2021-06-30T15:41:27","date_gmt":"2021-06-30T07:41:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/?p=4223"},"modified":"2026-07-28T11:56:02","modified_gmt":"2026-07-28T03:56:02","slug":"proceses","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/2021\/06\/30\/proceses\/","title":{"rendered":"linux\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u6570(ulimit)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0too many open files<\/strong><\/mark>\u6216\u8005\u5982\u4e0b\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u6b64\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u793a\u539f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u8d85\u8fc7\u8bbe\u5b9a\u503c\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e3a1024\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4ulimit -n\u6765\u67e5\u770b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6700\u5927\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u91c7\u7528\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\uff0c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ea7\u522b(\u5355\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b)<\/mark><\/strong>\uff0c\u6709\u4e34\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u548c\u6c38\u4e45\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e4b\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e34\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7ulimit -n 65535\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u53ea\u9488\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u7ec8\u7aef\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u9000\u51fa\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u7ec8\u7aef\u6216\u8005\u91cd\u542f\u4e86\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u968f\u4e4b\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5efa\u8bae\u91c7\u7528\u6c38\u4e45\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c\u8981\u6c38\u4e45\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6limits.conf\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6\/etc\/security\/limits.conf\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

# \u5168\u5c40\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\r\n*               soft    nofile  65535\r\n*               hard    nofile  65535\r\n*               soft    nproc   65535\r\n*               hard    nproc   65535\r\n# root\u5355\u72ec\u653e\u5f00\uff08\u907f\u514droot\u88ab\u9650\u5236\uff09\r\nroot            soft    nofile  65535\r\nroot            hard    nofile  65535\r\nroot            soft    nproc   65535\r\nroot            hard    nproc   65535\r<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
* soft nproc 65535      #\u9650\u5236\u7528\u6237\u5355\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6700\u591a\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\uff0c*\u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\n* hard nproc 65535      #\u9650\u5236\u7528\u6237\u5355\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6700\u591a\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\n* soft nofile 65535     #\u9650\u5236\u7528\u6237\u5355\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6700\u591a\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6570(\u8f6f\u9650\u5236)\n* hard nofile 65535     #\u9650\u5236\u7528\u6237\u5355\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6700\u591a\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6570(\u786c\u9650\u5236)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48root\u7528\u6237\u5355\u72ec\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
*<\/code> \u662f Linux \u4e13\u95e8\u7ed9\u666e\u901a\u975e root \u7528\u6237<\/strong>\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5185\u6838 PAM \u6a21\u5757\u5199\u6b7b\u6392\u9664 root\uff1b\u60f3\u8981 root \u4e5f\u540c\u6b65\u62c9\u9ad8 ulimit\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5355\u72ec\u58f0\u660e root \u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u9000\u51fa\u7ec8\u7aef\u5e76\u91cd\u65b0\u94fe\u63a5\u5373\u53ef\u770b\u5230\u751f\u6548\u4e86\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/p>\n\n\n\n
soft<\/td>\u8f6f\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u8d85\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\uff0c\u4f46\u8d85\u8fc7\u4f1a\u544a\u8b66<\/td><\/tr>
hard<\/td>\u786c\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc7\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519<\/td><\/tr>
nproc<\/td>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u7684\u9650\u5236<\/td><\/tr>
nofile<\/td>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u9650\u5236<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
2\u3001\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9488\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6700\u5927\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\uff0c\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982docker.service\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • infinity\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e 65536<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \u6216\u8005\u914d\u7f6e systemd \u5168\u5c40\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    vim \/etc\/systemd\/system.conf\r<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    #\u53d6\u6d88\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u9762\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u683c\u5f0f\u7528 `\u8f6f:\u786c` \u5192\u53f7\u5206\u9694\nDefaultLimitNOFILE=65535:65535\r\nDefaultLimitNPROC=65535:65535\n\r<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u91cd\u8f7d\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    systemctl daemon-reload<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    3\u3001Linux\u4e0a\u80fd\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u91cf\u53d7\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • fs.file-max(\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u522b\u53c2\u6570)\uff1a\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u91cf<\/mark><\/strong>\u3002\u4f46\u662froot\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d7\u9650\u5236(\u5982\uff1a\u73b0\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6570\u91cf\u5df2\u8fbe\u5230fs.file-max \uff0c\u6b64\u65f6root\u7528\u6237\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ps\u3001kill\u7b49\u547d\u4ee4\u6216\u6253\u5f00\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff09,\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\u768410%\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4(grep MemTotal \/proc\/meminfo | awk ‘{printf(“%d”,$2\/10)}’) \u83b7\u53d6<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • soft nofile(\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ea7\u522b\u53c2\u6570)\uff1a\u9650\u5236\u5355\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7528\u6237\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u503c\uff0csoft nofile\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc7hard nofile<\/mark><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • fs.nr_open(\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ea7\u522b\u53c2\u6570)\uff1a\u9650\u5236\u5355\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u7684\u786c\u4e0a\u9650\u3002hard nofile\u7684\u503c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc7nr_ope<\/mark><\/strong>n\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7528\u6237\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u503c,\u901a\u5e38\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u4e3a1024*1024=1048576\uff0c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u8026\u5408\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u914d\u7f6e\u503c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • \u5982\u679c\u60f3\u4fee\u6539soft nofile\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48hard nofile\u53c2\u6570\u503c\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u8d77\u8c03\u6574\u3002soft nofile \u4e0d\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc7hard nofile<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u5982\u679c\u4fee\u6539\u4e86hard nofile\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48fs.nr_open\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u8d77\u8c03\u6574\uff08fs.nr_open\u53c2\u6570\u503c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u5927\u4e8ehard nofile\u53c2\u6570\u503c\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679chard nofile\u7684\u503c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u6bd4fs.nr_open\u8fd8\u5927\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8be5\u7528\u6237\u65e0\u6cd5\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u662f*\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u767b\u5f55<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u5982\u679c\u4fee\u6539\u4e86fs.nr_open\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u662f\u7528\u7684echo “xxx” > ..\/fs\/nr_open\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u4fee\u6539\u7684fs.nr_open\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u521a\u6539\u5b8c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53ea\u8981\u673a\u5668\u4e00\u91cd\u542f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e4b\u524d\u901a\u8fc7echo\u547d\u4ee4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684fs.nr_open\u503c\u4fbf\u4f1a\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u8fd8\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u767b\u5f55\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528echo\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4fee\u6539\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\uff01\uff01\uff01<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        \u67e5\u770b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684nr_open\u548cfile-max\u53c2\u6570\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
        2\u3001\u4fee\u6539nr_open\u548cfile-max\u7684\u503c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
        (1)\u3001\u4e34\u65f6\u751f\u6548\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        echo 1500000 > \/proc\/sys\/fs\/nr_open\necho 180000 > \/proc\/sys\/fs\/file-max<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        (2)\u3001\u6c38\u4e45\u751f\u6548(\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u5668)\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6\/etc\/sysctl.conf\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u53c2\u6570fs.nr_open\u548cfs.file-max\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
        \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u6267\u884c\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8ba9\u914d\u7f6e\u751f\u6548\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        sysctl -p<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u5355\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u6700\u5927\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        cat \/proc\/pid\/limits<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
        linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0too many open files\u6216\u8005\u5982\u4e0b\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\uff1a \u6b64\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u793a\u539f\u56e0\u4e3a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4227,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[34,22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4223","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-linux","category-server"],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":8}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4223","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4223"}],"version-history":[{"count":36,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4223\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20705,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4223\/revisions\/20705"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4227"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4223"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4223"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ywdevops.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4223"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}